{
    "byline": "by\n                                                   Dr Umud Shokri",
    "charset": "UTF-8",
    "dir": null,
    "excerpt": "Iran is turning to its land borders for ways to keep trade moving as the U.S. naval blockade constrains shipping. But these routes are best seen as a buffer, not a substitute for maritime trade. They can help move selected goods, give merchants more options, and support businesses in border regions. They cannot make up for lost oil revenue, and they depend on infrastructure and political cooperation that Iran cannot control alone. The recent suspension of trade at two crossings with Pakistan is a reminder that land routes, too, can be disrupted with little warning.",
    "lang": null,
    "length": 8496,
    "publishedTime": null,
    "siteName": null,
    "title": "Overland lifelines under pressure: Iran\u2019s trade with its neighbours"
}