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                    "Army leaders preparing for a potential fight in the Pacific told us that some of the biggest lessons they\u2019ve learned from the war in Ukraine and America\u2019s now-paused fight against Iran are to move around assets that you can and find a better way to camouflage those that you can\u2019t. While seemingly common sense, these lessons come from watching how war is now waged. The ubiquity of drones in Ukraine providing constant overwatch and strike capabilities, and U.S. troops killed and equipment destroyed or damaged by massive Iranian barrages on static installations are informing changes to how the Army trains, equips and operates.\n\n\n\nThese conversations took place during the recently wrapped Association of the U.S. Army (AUSA) annual convention in Washington, D.C., which TWZ attended.\n\n\n\n\u201cA lot of the things that are happening right now in terms of long-range fires, integrated air and missile defense, and the lessons that we\u2019re learning from them, we\u2019re able to bring a lot of that to our potential challenges in the Pacific,\u201d Gen. Ron Clark, commander of U.S. Army Pacific (USARPAC), told us at a media roundtable. \u201cSpecifically, I am thinking through mobility and camouflage. So it\u2019s one of those age-old Army forgotten sciences of how to hide in plain sight and how to camouflage ourselves from observation, because the ability to be able to see surface entities is almost ubiquitous.\u201d\n\n\n\n\u201cOur ability to be able to use electronic warfare, to be able to use just good old-fashioned camouflage, and the ability to deceive our adversary is a must,\u201d Clark added. You can read more about the U.S. military\u2019s camouflage and deception efforts in our story here.\n\n\n\nU.S. Army soldiers of Brigade Engineer Battalion camouflages a Humvee while conducting preparations during exercise Combined Resolve VII at the U.S. Army\u2019s Joint Multinational Readiness Center in Hohenfels Germany. (U.S. Army photo by Pfc. Randy Wren) Spc. Randy Wren\n\n\n\nAs we have frequently reported about the Ukraine war, both sides have been using a variety of \u201cold-fashioned\u201d tactics to duck, dodge and hide. They range from practices like smokescreens to hide from drones to updates on measures from the past like paint schemes designed to obfuscate vehicles and other equipment from AI-enabled targeting systems.\n\n\n\nA Russian heavy-duty truck painted with zebra-style stripes to confuse AI-assisted target seeking equipment. via X\n\n\n\n\n\u00a0As tough as things have been for Ukraine and for U.S. forces in the Middle East, the challenges will be even greater in the Pacific, Clark warned.\n\n\n\nIn Europe and the Middle East, \u201cit\u2019s not a near-peer adversary that we will be working against,\u201d said Clark, referring respectively to Russia and Iran.\n\n\n\n\u201cWhereas in our theater, it absolutely is,\u201d the USARPAC commander noted in a reference to China without naming the country. \u201cSo our ability to scale that and to think through the problem sets of how do we fight\u00a0Type One, Type Two UAS? How do we think through ballistic missile defense holistically in the region? We spend a lot of time working with the joint force for solutions associated with that. How do we maneuver inside an archipelagic environment?\u201d\n\n\n\nDF-17 medium-range hypersonic ballistic missiles on display during the V-Day military parade in Beijing. (Photo by Sheng Jiapeng/China News Service/VCG via Getty Images) China News Service\n\n\n\nFor the Army, any fight in the Pacific will require soldiers to be able to hop islands and move through vast swaths of ocean, constantly hunted and frequently inside the Chinese weapons engagement zone. Clark said that the Army\u2019s organic fleet of ships like landing craft, small tugs, and modular causeway systems operated by the service\u2019s 8th Theater Sustainment Command will be vital for maneuver.\n\n\n\nThe Army, however, is struggling to keep its aging fleet of 70 of these vessels in the water and it got rid of a number of others over the years. Concerns about this underappreciated force have been something TWZ has raised for years.\n\n\n\nTwo U.S. Army Landing Craft Utility (LCU) vessels. (U.S. Army) www.twz.com\n\n\n\n\u201cBut we also have to be able to conduct tactical maneuver with forces on the ground that can provide long-range precision fires, as an example, and then move so that fires, radars, sensors are not easily targeted,\u201d Clark added. \u201cBecause if they can see you, they can hit you. And if you know they have an opportunity to return fire, they will. So our lessons that we\u2019re learning are, in some cases, are very, very relevant. In some cases, we can learn from some of the changing characteristics of war.\u201d\n\n\n\nStill, the wide-open plains and dense cities of Ukraine are quite different from the beaches and jungles of the Pacific, Clark reminded us.\n\n\n\nA U.S. Army soldier assigned to the 1st Battalion, 27th Infantry Regiment, 2nd Mobile Brigade, 25th Infantry Division, observes a linear danger area during the Joint Pacific Multinational Readiness Center Rotation (JPMRC) 26-01 at Schofield Barracks, Hawaii, Nov. 6, 2025. (U.S. Army photo by Sgt. Duke Edwards) Sgt. Duke Edwards\n\n\n\n\u201cThe way we generally fight does not equate specifically in the Ukraine piece to the maneuver that you would see out of U.S. forces if deployed in a conflict like that,\u201d the USARPAC commander explained. \u201cTo be able to use operational maneuver and tactical maneuver in a way that it\u2019s not just simply drone on drone or firing long range fires at one another at scale for an extended period of time. We find our way to work through that problem set and maneuver to positions of advantage and to prevail.\u201d\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\ud83d\udca5Ukraine\u2019s 115th Mechanized Brigade has released new footage showing a VB-140 Flamingo interceptor drone attacking a Russian Mi-28 attack helicopter in flight.The drone approaches from above and flies directly into the helicopter\u2019s spinning main rotor. It\u2019s unclear whether\u2026 pic.twitter.com/GCb9FodXG3\u2014 Special Kherson Cat \ud83d\udc08\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\udde6 (@bayraktar_1love) October 16, 2026\n\n\n\n\n\nRegardless of the terrain, the ubiquity of drones in the Ukraine war has made maneuver and resupply deadly endeavors, with much of the front lines bogged down with limited territorial advances by either combatant.\n\n\n\nWhen we pushed further on that point, Gen. Xavier T. Brunson, commander of United Nations Command, Combined Forces Command and United States Forces Korea, weighed in.\n\n\n\n\u201cTo be able to move with sensors everywhere at all times causes us to achieve positions of advantage from distributed locations,\u201d Brunson pointed out. \u201cSo the fight is: you look at maneuver. You might maneuver to a position of advantage, knowing that you\u2019re going to change that again. The ability to utilize not only joint sensors but joint effectors, if you will, joint fires, to be able to use those things from different positions changes the shape of the operating environment.\u201d\n\n\n\nThe bottom line, he added, is that \u201cmaneuver is always going to be maneuver. You\u2019re going from A to B, but you might go from A to A1 to A2 to A3 to get to B, and that\u2019s what I think we realize in this distributed fight that\u2019s going on in Ukraine, and so we continue to watch to see what lessons might be coming back into\u201d effect.\n\n\n\nIn part reacting to lessons learned from Ukraine and the Middle East, the Army is also changing how it trains, Clark stated. In South Korea, he said the service has to get out of the habit of concentrating so heavily on just two annual major training exercises.\n\n\n\n\u201cWe recognize\u2026 that largely the two big exercises every year in Korea focus on large command posts,\u201d Clark proffered. \u201cWe\u2019ve got to move away from that. So what we intend to do is take advantage of the knowledge that we have of the threats that exist or that prevail in the Ukraine fight.\u201d\n\n\n\nA Republic of Korea Army 5th Engineer Brigade, K1A2 tank crosses a U.S. Army Improved Ribbon Bridge (IRB) during joint wet gap training as part of Freedom Shield 25 at Yeoncheon-gun, Republic of Korea, Mar. 20, 2025.  (U.S. Army photo by Sgt. Daniela Lechuga Liggio) Sgt. Daniela Lechuga\n\n\n\nClark said these discussions are underway with his deputy commander, Republic of Korea Army Gen. Sungmin Kim.\n\n\n\n\u201cWe talk about how we would operate in a distributed fashion. You know as well as I do, there\u2019s a location that we go to to train every year in Korea, and we stay in that place,\u201d Clark said in response to a question from another reporter. \u201cWhat would it look like if we train from Jeju all the way up to Gyeonggi Province in the north? What would that look like, just with our headquarters alone?\u201d\n\n\n\n\u201cSo just imagine,\u201d Clark postulated, \u201cif we train across the entirety of the peninsula, and got ourselves in the shape where we would say [to North Korea], \u2018You can\u2019t utilize the things that you\u2019ve learned in the fight and the battlefield in Ukraine on us, because we learned the same lessons and we\u2019ve distributed ourselves in such a way that we don\u2019t make ourselves the target. We won\u2019t be moored in place,\u2019 and that\u2019s what I\u2019m talking about when I talk about positional advantage. It might not be the same place to the continuum. It might not be the same place when you\u2019re in crisis or conflict or competition. We might have to change that, and that\u2019s what we\u2019re learning.\u201d\n\n\n\nSouth Korea. (Google Earth) \n\n\n\nAnother lesson from Ukraine that Army leaders should be paying attention to, said another panelist, is how both sides are using aerial and ground drones to supply frontline forces and evacuate the wounded because human efforts have now become too deadly, thanks to drones.\n\n\n\n\u201cI think you also can\u2019t talk about Ukraine without talking about autonomy,\u201d said Tara Murphy Dougherty, CEO of a company called Air, which provides AI-based sustainment solutions to the Army.\n\n\n\n\u201cOne of the advantages that you get from using simulation and automation, and really using models and compute in order to create convoy plans, as opposed to humans with Excel spreadsheets, is you are able to do many fewer actual convoys because you\u2019re using all of your capabilities so much more effectively and efficiently,\u201d Dougherty posited. \u201cAnd while it\u2019s an indirect example, I think it does tie to soldier protection because you\u2019re putting fewer soldiers out there in vulnerable settings. I see that not as an end-goal outcome; we need convoys.\u201d\n\n\n\nUltimately, however, the Army will have to advance what Ukraine and Russia are doing with the deployment of aerial drones and uncrewed ground vehicles for logistics by creating \u201cconvoys\u201d of autonomous vehicles.\n\n\n\n\u201cI see the end goal outcome as having as many autonomous convoys as possible, and we\u2019ve heard today already at this event some of those ideas,\u201d the CEO added. \u201cIn the interim, until we get to more autonomy in medevac and more autonomy in convoys when it\u2019s non-soldier material that\u2019s going out to the battlefield, let\u2019s try and put fewer out there while actually getting more material and capability into the force where it needs to be.\u201d\n\n\n\nA Hunter Wolf unmanned ground vehicle assigned to Charlie Battery, 3rd Battalion, 320th Field Artillery Regiment, 3rd Mobile Brigade, 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault). (U.S. Army photo by Master Sgt. Anthony Hewitt) Master Sgt. Anthony Hewitt\n\n\n\nThe Iranian missile and drone barrages on fixed U.S. bases across the Middle East have created some very costly lessons for American forces. As we noted earlier in this story, several troops were killed and critical air defense radars, aircraft and other important equipment were destroyed or damaged. U.S. installations across the region have also suffered damage.\n\n\n\nIn another media session, we pressed Army officials operating in South Korea about what they learned from watching the destruction caused by Iran and what they are doing to address it.\n\n\n\nYou can see a satellite image of damage to a U.S. radar site in Jordan below:\n\n\n\n\n\n\nNEW: The radar for a THAAD system was struck and apparently destroyed in Jordan while two other THAAD radar systems may have been hit in the UAE, satellite images show \u2013 w/ @ThomasBordeaux7  https://t.co/qiuWVQgyda\u2014 Gianluca Mezzofiore (@GianlucaMezzo) March 5, 2026\n\n\n\n\n\n\u201cWe certainly are watching what\u2019s happening, and we are learning from what is happening in Operation Epic Fury,\u201d Lt. Gen. Joseph \u201cJoe\u201d Hilbert, commanding general of Eighth Army, stationed in South Korea, told us. \u201cWe\u2019re learning what\u2019s happening in Ukraine, and we are working through changes in our own tactics and techniques and procedures to be able to react to those threats and to be able to defend against them.\u201d\n\n\n\nFor more details, he turned the microphone over to Col. Rosanna \u201cRo\u201d M. Clemente, commander of the 35th Air Defense Artillery Brigade in South Korea.\n\n\n\n\u201cDrawing from those lessons learned, a lot of it is trying to understand how our systems are being hunted by the adversary,\u201d she told us. \u201cSo, strictly into all of our training plans, and as we conduct our own internal exercises, all of our air defenders are practicing something as simple as mobility and survivability jumps, which is being able to reposition and displace your systems to different alternative locations based on any type of threat warnings that we receive. They\u2019re very, very well trained. I think all of our soldiers know how to move their systems extremely, extremely well. They move them quickly, and they are able to move them and reposition them into different locations across the peninsula that still maintains that ballistic missile defense coverage.\u201d\n\n\n\nU.S. Army Pvt. Nathaniel Mullins, assigned to the 35th Air Defense Artillery Brigade, analyzes a Sentinel A4 air and missile defense radar during a training exercise at Camp Humphreys, South Korea, April 22, 2026. The training highlighted Eighth Army\u2019s continued modernization efforts by preparing soldiers to operate the new radar system. (U.S. Army photo by Cpl. Luciano Alcala) Sgt. Luciano Alcala\n\n\n\nIn addition, \u201cwe also have to rely on the other pillars of integrated air and missile defense, most specifically the passive defensive measures that we also have in place,\u201d she added.\n\n\n\nThose measures involve \u201ca little bit more than just hardening \u2013 but a couple of other techniques that we\u2019ve learned from the Russia-Ukraine war in terms of deception, how to move things around, create distractions, and make sure that we create different types of dilemmas for the adversary in terms of where our capabilities are and where are they positioned to protect its defended assets.\u201d\n\n\n\nContact the author: howard@twz.com"
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