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Russian authorities deny a link to the bacterial infection. The US is monitoring the situation. (https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://p.dw.com/p/5Nm2x%3Fat_medium%3DSocialMedia%26at_campaign%3DFacebook%26at_share_source%3DSharingButton%26at_origin%3DWeb) (External link — share this page with Facebook) (https://x.com/intent/tweet?source=webclient&text=Suspected%20pneumonic%20plague%20in%20Siberia%3A%20What%20to%20know+https://p.dw.com/p/5Nm2x%3Fat_medium%3DSocialMedia%26at_campaign%3DTwitter%26at_share_source%3DSharingButton%26at_origin%3DWeb) (External link — share this page with X / Twitter) (Show more apps) (https://www.reddit.com/submit?url=https://p.dw.com/p/5Nm2x%3Fat_medium%3DSocialMedia%26at_campaign%3DReddit%26at_share_source%3DSharingButton%26at_origin%3DWeb) (External link — share this page with Reddit) (mailto:?body=https://p.dw.com/p/5Nm2x%3Fat_medium%3DWebmails%26at_campaign%3DEmail%26at_share_source%3DSharingButton%26at_origin%3DWeb&subject=Suspected%20pneumonic%20plague%20in%20Siberia%3A%20What%20to%20know) (External link — share this page with EMail) (fb-messenger://share/?link=https://p.dw.com/p/5Nm2x%3Fat_medium%3DMessenger%26at_campaign%3DFacebookMessenger%26at_share_source%3DSharingButton%26at_origin%3DWeb) (External link — share this page with Facebook messenger) (whatsapp://send?text=Suspected%20pneumonic%20plague%20in%20Siberia%3A%20What%20to%20know%20-%20https://p.dw.com/p/5Nm2x%3Fat_medium%3DMessenger%26at_campaign%3DWhatsApp%26at_share_source%3DSharingButton%26at_origin%3DWeb) (External link — share this page with Whatsapp) (https://telegram.me/share/url?url=https://p.dw.com/p/5Nm2x%3Fat_medium%3DMessenger%26at_campaign%3DTelegram%26at_share_source%3DSharingButton%26at_origin%3DWeb&text=Suspected%20pneumonic%20plague%20in%20Siberia%3A%20What%20to%20know) (External link — share this page with Telegram) (https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https://p.dw.com/p/5Nm2x%3Fat_medium%3DSocialMedia%26at_campaign%3DLinkedIn%26at_share_source%3DSharingButton%26at_origin%3DWeb&title=Suspected%20pneumonic%20plague%20in%20Siberia%3A%20What%20to%20know&source=DW.COM) (External link — share this page with Linkedin) (sms:?&body=https://p.dw.com/p/5Nm2x%3Fat_medium%3DSMS%26at_campaign%3DSMS%26at_share_source%3DSharingButton%26at_origin%3DWeb) (External link — share this page with SMS) https://p.dw.com/p/5Nm2x (A yellow warning sign signifying biohazards) (A yellow warning sign signifying biohazards) Image: Britta Pedersen/dpa/picture alliance Advertisement What you need to know about plague There are three forms of plague, all caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis. The three forms of plague are bubonic, septicemic and pneumonic. Bubonic plague is the most common form, it does not spread from person to person. If untreated, the bacteria can move through the body and bloodstream, causing septicemic plague, which causes internal bleeding and organ failure. If the the bacteria reach the lungs, they cause pneumonic plague. Pneumonic plague is highly contagious as it can pass from person to person through the air, via coughing, for example. If untreated, bubonic plague kills between 30-60% of patients. The septicemic and pneumonic forms are always fatal without treatment. Speculation over the death in a Russian plague laboratory Following the death of a Russian laboratory worker, there is speculation about an outbreak of pneumonic plague, a highly contagious bacterial infection of the lungs. Russia denies there is a broader risk to the community. Russian officials have said the laboratory worker's death was not caused by a plague pathogen. The 28-year-old died of "pneumonia of unknown origin," according to Russia's Interfax news agency, citing Rospotrebnadzor, Russia's disease-control agency. According to that agency, samples taken from the woman showed no microorganisms "related to her professional activities." This contradicts earlier information. Local media had previously reported that the woman, who worked at an institute dedicated to fighting plague, had dropped a test tube. She reportedly died on Friday, October 2, 2026, at the district hospital in Shelekhov, a town near Irkutsk in Siberia. According to official Russian figures, two hospitals and a children's clinic were placed under quarantine. Local reports said staff at the institute were being quarantined at their workplace. The US news site Axios hasreported that around 200 people who had been in contact with the woman had been placed under observation. There were no further reported infections. (A view of Irkutsk, Kuibyshevsky District, in early autumn) The 28-year-old lab worker died in a hospital near IrkutskImage: Kirill Kukhmar/TASS/picture alliance Even so, distrust of how Russia handles information persists. On one of DW's Russian-language social media channels, a user wrote: "It wouldn't surprise me if this turns into a disaster now, both in terms of the spread and the quarantine measures." Pneumonic plague: a fast-moving lung infection All that is known for certain, at time of writing and first publication (October 5, 2026), is that pneumonic plague is highly contagious. Pneumonic plague is a form of plague that infects the lungs. Like every form of the disease, it is caused by Yersinia pestis , a bacterium usually found in small mammals, such as rodents and in the fleas that feed on them. The (https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/plague) (External link — World Health Organization) World Health Organization describes the pneumonic form as the most virulent type of plague. Its incubation period can be as short as 24 hours, and it is the only form that passes easily from person to person through respiratory particles released when a sick patient coughs. This is why, according to the WHO, it can trigger severe epidemics. Symptoms appear quickly: high fever, headache and weakness, followed by a rapidly worsening pneumonia with shortness of breath, chest pain and a cough that often brings up blood. A person can catch pneumonic plague by breathing in the bacteria directly, or by developing it when bubonic and/or septicemic plague go untreated and spread to the lungs. What is the difference between bubonic and pneumonic plague? Pneumonic plague is not a separate disease. It is one of three forms of plague: bubonic, septicemic and pneumonic. All are caused by the same bacterium. What sets them apart is where the infection settles in the body, and that shapes how the disease spreads and how deadly it is. Bubonic plague is the most common form and the one most people think of when they hear the word "plague." It usually follows a flea bite. The bacteria travel to the nearest lymph node, which swells into a painful lump known as a bubo. According to the WHO, it rarely spreads between people. (Yellow bacteria as seen under a microscope, in front of a blue background) The bacteria Yersenia pestis is responsible for the plagueImage: James Cavallini/BSIP/picture alliance If bubonic plague goes untreated, the bacteria can move further through the body. If they spread into the bloodstream, the disease can become septicemic plague, which causes bleeding under the skin, tissue death in the fingers and toes, and organ failure. If the bacteria reach the lungs, the illness becomes pneumonic plague, the form that can pass from person to person through the air. Both septicemic and pneumonic plague can also develop directly, without a bubo appearing first. Left untreated, bubonic plague kills between 30-60% of patients. The septicemic and pneumonic forms are always fatal without treatment. Pneumonic plague treatment: antibiotics within the first 24 hours Pneumonic plague is curable, but only if treatment starts quickly. The WHO warns that without treatment it can kill within 18 to 24 hours of the first symptoms. Common antibiotics can cure the infection, and recovery rates are high when patients are treated within about a day of falling ill. Speed is what decides the outcome. Doctors are advised not to wait for laboratory confirmation and to start antibiotics as soon as plague is suspected, according to the US (https://www.cdc.gov/plague/hcp/clinical-care/index.html) (External link — Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The drugs themselves are not rare or specialized. They are standard, widely used antibiotics, and patients usually need a course of up to two weeks. To stop the infection spreading, patients are kept in isolation, and wearing masks helps protect those around them, the WHO says. Preventive antibiotics and isolation for close contacts People close to a patient are treated as well, even if they have no symptoms. Both the WHO and the CDC recommend a seven-day course of preventive antibiotics for close contacts of anyone with pneumonic plague. The WHO does not recommend a plague vaccine for the public. It reserves vaccination for high-risk groups, such as laboratory staff who work with the bacterium and health workers. Edited by: Zulfikar Abbany (https://www.dw.com/en/kaukab-shairani/person-61449120) (Kaukab Shairani) (Kaukab Shairani looks into the camera) (Kaukab Shairani looks into the camera) (Kaukab Shairani looks into the camera) (https://www.dw.com/en/kaukab-shairani/person-61449120) Kaukab Shairani DW reporter and editor Send us your feedback Your feedback (Close form) Advertisement (a-79547919@maca=en-rss-en-all-1573-rdf.html#post-related-content-by-thematic-focus-region) Skip next section More on Health from Europe More on Health from Europe (https://www.dw.com/en/germanys-5000-heat-deaths-what-the-numbers-reveal/a-78010353) (Germany's 5,000 heat deaths: What the numbers reveal) (A nursing home is evacuated due to extreme heat in Dormagen, Germany, 2026) (A nursing home is evacuated due to extreme heat in Dormagen, Germany, 2026) (A nursing home is evacuated due to extreme heat in Dormagen, Germany, 2026) (https://www.dw.com/en/germanys-5000-heat-deaths-what-the-numbers-reveal/a-78010353) Germany's 5,000 heat deaths: What the numbers reveal (https://www.dw.com/en/germanys-5000-heat-deaths-what-the-numbers-reveal/a-78010353) More than 5,100 people in Germany died from heat-related causes by the end of June, the Robert Koch Institute found. 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