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Photograph: Thomas Samson/AFP/Getty ImagesHe said their injuries were caused \u201ceither due to accidents or injuries caused by troublemakers, specifically injuries from fireworks,\u201d Le Figaro reported.Key events9h agoClosing summary9h agoProtests in France and Spain appear disparate but core issues are the same10h agoAt least 190 students injured in school protests so far10h agoStudent protests in France continue - in pictures11h agoRomania's Dan hopes to name another PM candidate today11h agoTwo dead after fire on ship outside Romania's territorial waters, which Ukraine says Russia is responsible for11h ago'We will yield neither to intimidation nor to Russia\u2019s escalation,' Macron says11h agoEuro skids to 17-month low against the dollar12h agoFrench education minister condemns 'acts of extreme violence,' but defends democratic right to protest13h agoA 15-year-old boy lost his hand as clashes with police around French schools continue13h agoGermany at risk of conflict with Russia as it steps up its 'shadow war' activities, intelligence chief warns14h agoS\u00e1nchez seeks to frame snap election as battle between progressive and reactionary politics - analysis14h agoSpanish PM's snap election announcement - video15h agoLatvian PM Kulbergs on track to hold on to power after elections16h agoHow an 87-year-old Spanish woman became the face of the fight for affordable housing \u2013 explainer16h agoSpain 'will find its voice again,' opposition leader as he blasts S\u00e1nchez's record in government17h agoS\u00e1nchez calls snap election after housing legislation fails to pass17h agoS\u00e1nchez bets on anger over housing, defence of progressive values as he trails behind opposition in polls - snap analysis17h ago'At last,' opposition party welcomes snap election17h agoSpain's S\u00e1nchez calls snap elections for 29 November - summary17h agoS\u00e1nchez frames the election as a fight to defend 'rights and freedoms' of progressive government17h agoPedro S\u00e1nchez calls snap election for 29 November18h agoS\u00e1nchez speaks at La Moncloa18h agoMorning opening: Spain's S\u00e1nchez to speak amid speculation over early electionClosing summaryJakub KrupaAnd, on that note, we will be closing the blog for today.\n \n Nearly 200 French students have been injured since the protests began, France\u2019s education minister \u00c9douard Geffray said, at protests and violent clashes with police continued for another day (14:15, 16:49).\n \n A 15-year-old boy \u200chad his hand \u200cblown off at a protest outside a high school in the northern town of Lens, local authorities confirmed (14:04, 17:24).\n \n At least 5,000 people \u2013 85% of them teenagers \u2013 have been arrested since the start of the protests (16:47).\n \n Tuesday is expected to bring even more disruption after different groups called for a national day of protests.\nIn other news,\n \n Spain\u2019s socialist prime minister, Pedro S\u00e1nchez, has once again staked his political future on a snap general election called after rightwing parties torpedoed emergency legislation to tackle the housing crisis (9:01, 9:04, 9:09, 9:10, 9:13, 9:17, 9:23).\nSpanish PM Pedro S\u00e1nchez calls snap election \u2013 video\n \n Pedro S\u00e1nchez is hoping to mobilise voters around the housing crisis and the broader message of hope, with opinion polls suggesting his left-wing government might otherwise struggle to retain power (9:37).\n \n As he deals with a fragmented left-wing bloc and criticism over the migration crisis in Ceuta, it\u2019s not hard to see why the prime minister may have decided that an early election was preferable to several more months of legislative deadlock, mud-slinging and uncomfortable headlines (12:33).\n \n The opposition leader, the People\u2019s Party\u2019s Alberto N\u00fa\u00f1ez Feij\u00f3o, welcomed the move, saying \u201cat last\u201d Spaniards will have a chance to oust the PM (10:24).\nIf you have any tips, comments or suggestions, email me at jakub.krupa@theguardian.com.I am also on Bluesky at @jakubkrupa.bsky.social and on X at @jakubkrupa.Angelique Chrisafisin ParisWe are also getting a bit of a clarification about the circumstances of the incident involving the 15-year-old who reportedly lost a hand during French school protests (14:04).Our Paris correspondent Angelique Chrisafis writes:\n A 15-year-old protesting against what the demonstrators say are France\u2019s dilapidated \u2060and understaffed \u200bschools \u200chad his hand \u200cblown off on \u200cMonday at a protest outside a high school in the northern town of Lens, the local prefect Fran\u00e7ois-Xavier Lauch \u200csaid.\n Lauch, the prefect of Pas-de-Calais, declined to comment on the exact circumstances, saying some 150-200 protesters had been hurling a series of objects at police and riot officers intervened. It was not certain if the incident had involved a police stun grenade, and how the injury happened. Lauch said \u200ban investigation \u200binto \u200cthe had \u200bbeen opened.\nA police union source told AFP that the boy appeared to have picked up a stun grenade fired by riot police and that it exploded in his hand, but this needs to be formally established by the investigation.Protests in France and Spain appear disparate but core issues are the sameJon HenleyEurope correspondentIn Spain, tens of thousands of people in 50 cities have taken to the streets amid mounting fury over the country\u2019s housing crisis, their feelings made plain on a banner at the burgeoning protest camp in Madrid\u2019s Puerta del Sol plaza:\n \u201cYou can speculate on watches, jewels, crypto-Bros and Ferraris. But not on our fucking homes.\u201d\nPeople walk among tents set up by protesters demanding stronger laws to protect renters in Puerta del Sol square in Madrid. Photograph: Bernat Armangu\u00e9/APIn France, as high school pupils clash with police in often violent protests over long hours, missing teachers, crumbling classrooms and an opaque university admissions system, the angry slogans include:\n \u201cMore hours in class than for sleep\u201d, \u201cFund study, not repression\u201d and \u201cI\u2019d like to be worrying about my maths exam, not my future.\u201d\nProtesting students gather and hold placards as they carry out a blockading action at the Turgot secondary school, in Paris, France. Photograph: Rapha\u00ebl Lafargue/ABACA/ShutterstockThey may stem from different specific grievances, but the two waves of mainly youth-led protest exemplify a growing problem for western European governments: a generation of young people feeling increasingly denied the basic socioeconomic security that, by and large, their parents enjoyed.At least 190 students injured in school protests so farFrench education minister \u00c9douard Geffray said that at least 190 students have been injured since the protests began.Students look at a fire as protesting students carry out blockading action at the Galilee vocation school, in Paris. Photograph: Thomas Samson/AFP/Getty ImagesHe said their injuries were caused \u201ceither due to accidents or injuries caused by troublemakers, specifically injuries from fireworks,\u201d Le Figaro reported.Student protests in France continue - in picturesLet\u2019s take a look at the latest as student protests in France continue.Since \u200blast Monday, 5,000 people, 85% of them teenagers, \u200bhave been arrested and dozens injured. Teachers and members of \u200bthe public have been attacked, while damage to property is estimated in the millions of euros, AFP reported.View of the damaged entrance doors of the Lycee Vauquelin high school with bicycles and garbage bins set on fire by protesters in Paris, France. Photograph: Yves Herman/ReutersDemonstrators clash with police officers during a student protest in Nancy, France. Photograph: Muhammed Said Tako/Anadolu/Getty ImagesDemonstrators clash with police officers during a student protest in Nancy, France. Photograph: Muhammed Said Tako/Anadolu/Getty ImagesHigh school students gather to protest against current education conditions disrupt classes across the country. Photograph: Muhammed Said Tako/Anadolu/Getty ImagesYouths look on as a waste container burns during a protest by high school students against the government outside the Cantau high school in Anglet, southwestern France. Photograph: Jules Buon/ZUMA Press Wire/ShutterstockRomania's Dan hopes to name another PM candidate todayIn other news from Romania, we are waiting for an update from the country\u2019s prime minister Nicu\u0219or Dan who is expected to name his latest preferred prime ministerial candidate later today.Alexandru Rogobete, deputy for the Social Democratic party, attends the consultations with Romanian president Nicu\u0219or Dan at Cotroceni palace. Photograph: Lucian Alecu/ShutterstockHis last candidate, Siegfried Mure\u0219an, lost a key parliamentary vote last week, forcing the president to have another go at finding a new person for the top job.I am keeping an eye on that for you.Two dead after fire on ship outside Romania's territorial waters, which Ukraine says Russia is responsible forSeparately, Romanian authorities said that two people died and others \u2060were rescued after a fire on a ship in the Black Sea outside Romania\u2019s territorial waters, as Ukraine blamed \u2060Russian drones \u200bfor the incident.A rescue operation following a fire on a vessel outside Romania's territorial waters, in which two people died and others were rescued. Photograph: Romanian Interior Ministry/ReutersRomania\u2019s interior ministry said 11 crew members of the ship which sank had been rescued. The country\u2019s \u2060Naval Authority said the incident involved a fire on the ship Royad Mammadov, Reuters reported.Romania did not comment on the cause of the \u2060fire but Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy said it had been caused by Russian drones. He \u200bconfirmed the death of one \u200cperson in the incident but \u200csaid a second person had yet to be accounted for.Russian authorities had no immediate comment. An earlier daily bulletin from the Russian \u200bdefence ministry said Russia had struck two cargo vessels.'We will yield neither to intimidation nor to Russia\u2019s escalation,' Macron saysIn other news, French president Emmanuel Macron Monday condemned Russia ramping up strikes on Ukrainian civilian infrastructure, calling it \u201cirresponsible\u201d after speaking with Ukraine\u2019s Volodymyr Zelenskyy on ways to bolster support for Kyiv, AFP reported.A Ukrainian expert inspects the site of a Russian drone strike on a bridge across the Dnipro River in Kyiv, Ukraine. Photograph: EPARussia \u201chas made the irresponsible choice to intensify its strikes on civilian infrastructure and targets\u201d, Macron said on X.He said Zelenskyy and he reviewed \u201cthe concrete support we can provide\u201d to help Ukraine intercept drones and defend itself against Russia\u2019s attacks.\u201cWe will yield neither to intimidation nor to Russia\u2019s escalation,\u201d Macron said, accusing Moscow of \u201cstubbornly refusing all calls for a ceasefire.\u201dEU\u2019s chief diplomat Kaja Kallas also warned Russia is putting lives at risk with its growing carelessness when it comes to hybrid attacks in Europe.\u201cEurope has seen a \u2060spike in the Russian hybrid attacks and sabotage attempts and airspace violations in recent weeks. Russian \u2060missiles and drones violated Moldovan airspace again over the weekend. \u200bAnd this is \u200ccompletely unacceptable,\u201d she \u200ctold reporters in Brussels, as reported by Reuters.Over the weekend, embattled German chancellor Friedrich Merz also visited Zelenskyy in Kyiv, as the city continued to face attacks from Russia.Germany's chancellor Friedrich Merz and Ukraine's president Volodymyr Zelenskyy attend the site of a Russian strike on the building of the National Academy of Sciences in Kyiv, Ukraine. Photograph: Maxym Marusenko/EPARussian drone hits key bridge in Kyiv on German chancellor's visit \u2013 videoTwo German scientists and an American peer have been awarded the Nobel prize in medicine for their work investigating the mysteries of the brain. \n Peter Hegemann of the Humboldt University of Berlin, Georg Nagel of the University of W\u00fcrzburg and Karl Deisseroth of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Stanford University were recognised for \u201ctheir discoveries concerning light-gated ion channels and optogenetics\u201d.\n In a nutshell \u2013 their research led to the development of a light-sensitive switch that can be used to control nerve cells in the living brain, switching them on or off.\n This is the week of the Nobel Prize announcements \u2013 with the Nobel assembly at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden, announcing the winners of the first award today. \n You can read more about the scientists\u2019 breakthrough below:Euro skids to 17-month low against the dollarThe euro has fallen to its lowest level against the US dollar since May 2025 amid concerns over France\u2019s burgeoning public debt and an aggressive sell-off in government bonds.Monday\u2019s trade saw the euro drop as much as 0.9%, after four straight weeks of falls against the dollar. 1 euro is currently worth US$1.12.\n The yield on France\u2019s 10-year government bonds \u2013 the benchmark used to price fixed-rate mortgages, credit cards and other consumer loans- is now also nearing 5%, meaning the government is having to pay a significantly higher interest rate to borrow money. That multi-decade high will also affect consumer loans.Spain\u2019s snap election called this morning too is also adding to some of the Eurozone uncertainty and volatility.The euro has also dropped further against the pound. It\u2019s now worth 85p.The French education minister said yesterday that 78 teachers and other education staff had been injured in the student protests so far, while in some cases, members of the public have also been caught in the fray. \n But students have also accused police of brutality and using excessive, disproportionate force against them. Rights groups have also raised concerns over violent arrests.Amnesty International said last week: \u201cImages of high school students being subjected to violence by law enforcement are extremely concerning. Many of them are minors, children. They must be protected, not beaten with batons,\u201d the human rights group wrote on X.Along with this incident we\u2019re hearing of in Lens this morning where a boy reportedly had their hand blown off by a police grenade, Amnesty last week reported that a 14-year-old had been hit by a grenade to the jaw where he lost several teeth, while other students had been arrested under chokehold techniques by police. \n The French Human Rights League (LDH) on Monday also raised the alarm.\u201cWe can see that in the instructions given to the police, there is no directive to show restraint, even though they are dealing with children,\u201d LDH president Nathalie Tehio said.A reminder that students are protesting en masse against the state of their schools \u2013 the overcrowded classes, run-down school buildings and shortage of teachers. The protests began on September 17 in the Parisian suburb of Creteil when students there joined their teachers who were striking over the lack of resources and staff.French education minister condemns 'acts of extreme violence,' but defends democratic right to protestToday\u2019s violent clashes raise concern about tomorrow\u2019s big \u201cday of protests\u201d in France, as several groups mobilise to show their discontent with the state of the education system.Clashes between protesters and law enforcement during a student demonstration near Place de la Bastille in Paris, France. Photograph: Rapha\u00ebl Lafargue/ABACA/ShutterstockBut education minister \u00c9douard Geffray insisted that the protests represent \u201ca freedom that must be respected and protected,\u201d Le Figaro reported.But he strongly criticised \u201cacts of extreme violence\u201d including, in some cases, direct attacks on schools principals.A 15-year-old boy lost his hand as clashes with police around French schools continueWe are also getting some dramatic news from France, where the school protests continue for another day and hundred of schools are closed today.Clashes between protesters and law enforcement during a student demonstration near Place de la Bastille in Paris. Photograph: Rapha\u00ebl Lafargue/ABACA/ShutterstockHigh school students in front of Lycee Sophie Germain continue to block the entrances to schools in Paris. Photograph: Nik Erik Neubauer/ZUMA Press Wire/ShutterstockA 15-year-old student reportedly had his hand blown off on Monday during a protest in Lens, as reported by AFP.A police union source said the student in the northern town of Lens appeared to have picked up a teargas grenade fired by riot police, hoping to fling it back, but the device exploded in his hand.Elsewhere, a 17-year-old was arrested after allegedly throwing a piece of stone at police officers, striking a passerby in the face and making him lose sight in one eye, Le Figaro reported.A protester is detained by riot police officers during clashes near the Place de la Bastille in Paris. Photograph: Lou Benoist/AFP/Getty ImagesGermany at risk of conflict with Russia as it steps up its 'shadow war' activities, intelligence chief warnsIn other news, Germany is at \u2060risk of entering a violent \u2060conflict as Moscow \u200bsteps up an increasingly aggressive \u201cshadow war\u201d against European democracies, its head of foreign intelligence warned, as reported by Reuters.Martin J\u00e4ger, President of the BND, attends a meeting at the Bundestag. Photograph: Action Press/Shutterstock\u201cThe confrontation we are facing with Russia has taken \u2060on a new, more dangerous dimension,\u201d Martin J\u00e4ger, head of the Bundesnachrichtendienst (BND), told the annual public hearing of intelligence chiefs in parliament.\u201cGermany is in danger of becoming embroiled in \u2060a violent conflict with Russia \u2013 the attempted attack in Leipzig is just one example,\u201d he said, describing Russia as \u201cwaging \u200ba shadow war\u201d with the threat of attacks against \u200ctargets in Germany remaining \u201creal and imminent\u201c.German \u200cauthorities have warned repeatedly that Russia is conducting a hybrid campaign of drone and cyber-attacks, and have \u200cblamed it for an attempted drone attack on Leipzig airport in August.J\u00e4ger, however, said Moscow was prepared to use force to achieve its goals, and that Russian intelligence services\u2019 operations in and against Germany were \u201cincreasingly aggressive\u201c.\n \u201cRussia \u200cis putting us to the test and closely watching how we handle this situation. From the perspective of the Kremlin leadership, any sign of wavering invites them to further increase \u200bthe pressure on Germany.\u201c\nJ\u00e4ger said there was no indication of an imminent large-scale Russian attack on Nato territory.\u201cHowever, Russia could engage in low-intensity military activities, particularly in the Baltic states.\u201cGermany must prepare for more meddling and attempts at intimidation, including threats of nuclear attack, he said.\u201cMoscow is betting on our weakness\u201d, he added. \u201cWe have to stand \u2060up to that.\u201cJ\u00e4ger said Moscow was trying to compel Germany, Ukraine\u2019s largest donor, to \u200bdrop its support.\u201cRussia is determined \u200bto bring Ukraine to its knees \u200bthis coming winter,\u201d he said. \u201cWe must expect Russian attacks of a severity and brutality that we \u200bhave not yet \u200cseen.\u201cS\u00e1nchez seeks to frame snap election as battle between progressive and reactionary politics - analysisSam JonesPedro S\u00e1nchez only just scraped his return to office following the last general election in July 2023 after he won the backing of Catalan pro-independence parties by promising a controversial amnesty law to those involved in the failed, illegal push for independence from Spain in 2017.President Pedro S\u00e1nchez greets the supporters of the left-wing PSOE party celebrating after the results of the 23 July elections in 2023. Photograph: Diego Radames/SOPA Images/ShutterstockS\u00e1nchez\u2019s minority coalition government with the smaller, leftwing Sumar alliance, has struggled to get legislation through a fraught congress and has not passed a budget since 2023. Junts, which offered him its conditional support three years ago, has attempted to extract maximum benefits from the government, only to abandon it when it feels so inclined, as it did with the emergency housing measures.Nor do his problems end there. The government has also been fiercely criticised over its handling of the continuing crisis in Spain\u2019s North African enclave of Ceuta, which was sparked when around 70,000 people crossed into the territory from neighbouring Morocco in the space of 48 hours.Dozens of young migrants walk escorted by riot police officers during the eviction of the makeshift camp on El Trampolin beach in Ceuta. Photograph: Fabian Suspensivo/ZUMA Press Wire/ShutterstockLast, but by no means least, S\u00e1nchez\u2019s administration, party and inner circle have been mired in corruption allegations over the past two years that have proved acutely embarrassing for a prime minister who took office vowing to be a scourge of sleaze and graft.Faced with all that, it\u2019s not hard to see why the prime minister may have decided that an early election was preferable to several more months of legislative deadlock, mud-slinging and uncomfortable headlines.Prime minister Pedro S\u00e1nchez attends the extraordinary plenary session of parliament last week. Photograph: David Canales/SOPA Images/ShutterstockS\u00e1nchez, a politician with an almost feline allocation of lives, will be hoping that his efforts to tackle the housing crisis will contrast sharply with those of his rightwing opponents and thereby mobilise disenchanted voters.He was also careful to remind people in his address on Monday that he has been one of the few political leaders to stand up to Donald Trump, to repeatedly criticise Israel over its actions in Gaza, and to warn of the death and destruction caused by the climate crisis.Perhaps unsurprisingly given what\u2019s at stake, the prime minister is once again pushing to characterise this latest election as a simple choice between progressive and reactionary politics.\n \u201cYou, the men and women of Spain, must decide whether you want to join the far-right wave that drives regression wherever it governs, or to ensure that Spain remains a bastion of openness, social justice, and environmental responsibility.\u201d\nHis opponents, meanwhile, will be hoping that, after eight long years, the public has grown tired and disillusioned, and that the great survivor of Spanish politics has finally lost his lustre." ], "output": "readability", "pwd": "/data/archive/1791237894.130679", "schema": "ArchiveResult", "start_ts": "2026-10-06T01:21:32.149189+00:00", "status": "succeeded" } ], "screenshot": [], "singlefile": [], "title": [ { "cmd": [ "curl", "--silent", "--location", "--compressed", "--max-time", "120", "--user-agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/118.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 ArchiveBox/0.7.4 (+https://github.com/ArchiveBox/ArchiveBox/) curl/curl 8.14.1 (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu)", "https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2026/oct/05/europe-spain-pedro-sanchez-election-housing-france-school-protests-ukraine-russia-latest-news-updates" ], "cmd_version": "curl 8.14.1 (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu)", "end_ts": "2026-10-06T01:21:32.143345+00:00", "index_texts": null, "output": "Nearly 200 students injured in French schools protests as clashes with police continue \u2013 as it happened | Spain | The Guardian", "pwd": "/data/archive/1791237894.130679", "schema": "ArchiveResult", "start_ts": "2026-10-06T01:21:31.865037+00:00", "status": "succeeded" } ], "wget": [ { "cmd": [ "wget", "--no-verbose", "--adjust-extension", "--convert-links", "--force-directories", "--span-hosts", "--no-parent", "-e", "robots=off", "--reject=js,mjs,woff,woff2,ttf,otf,eot,mp4,m4v,mov,webm,ogv,mkv,avi,flv", "--timeout=120", "--restrict-file-names=windows", "--page-requisites", "--user-agent=Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/118.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 ArchiveBox/0.7.4 (+https://github.com/ArchiveBox/ArchiveBox/) wget/GNU Wget 1.21.3", "--compression=auto", "--timestamping", "https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2026/oct/05/europe-spain-pedro-sanchez-election-housing-france-school-protests-ukraine-russia-latest-news-updates" ], "cmd_version": "GNU Wget 1.21.3", "end_ts": "2026-10-06T01:21:31.858473+00:00", "index_texts": null, "output": "www.theguardian.com/world/live/2026/oct/05/europe-spain-pedro-sanchez-election-housing-france-school-protests-ukraine-russia-latest-news-updates.html", "pwd": "/data/archive/1791237894.130679", "schema": "ArchiveResult", "start_ts": "2026-10-06T01:21:26.364529+00:00", "status": "succeeded" } ] }, "icons": null, "is_archived": true, "is_static": false, "latest": { "archive_org": null, "dom": null, "favicon": "favicon.ico", "git": null, "media": null, "pdf": null, "screenshot": null, "singlefile": null, "title": "Nearly 200 students injured in French schools protests as clashes with police continue \u2013 as it happened | Spain | The Guardian", "warc": null, "wget": "www.theguardian.com/world/live/2026/oct/05/europe-spain-pedro-sanchez-election-housing-france-school-protests-ukraine-russia-latest-news-updates.html" }, "link_dir": "/data/archive/1791237894.130679", "newest_archive_date": "2026-10-06T01:21:35.914677+00:00", "num_failures": 1, "num_outputs": 5, "oldest_archive_date": "2026-10-06T01:21:25.058266+00:00", "path": "/world/live/2026/oct/05/europe-spain-pedro-sanchez-election-housing-france-school-protests-ukraine-russia-latest-news-updates", "schema": "Link", "scheme": "https", "snapshot_id": "11a6ab37-1d53-4d3d-b286-2340b129f0af", "sources": [ "/data/sources/1791237894-import.txt" ], "tags": ",world_news,war-wiki,pool", "tags_str": "world_news,war-wiki,pool", "timestamp": "1791237894.130679", "title": "Nearly 200 students injured in French schools protests as clashes with police continue \u2013 as it happened | Spain | The Guardian", "updated": "2026-10-06T01:21:25.058093+00:00", "updated_date": "2026-10-06 01:21", "url": "https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2026/oct/05/europe-spain-pedro-sanchez-election-housing-france-school-protests-ukraine-russia-latest-news-updates" }