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                    "Au XI\u00e8me si\u00e8cle la dynastie berb\u00e8re musulmane des Almoravides, appel\u00e9s \u00e9galement Mourabitounes, r\u00e8gne sur une grande partie de l\u2019ouest du Sahara et du Maghreb jusqu\u2019au sud de la p\u00e9ninsule ib\u00e9rique. Vers 1070, ils fondent Marrakech et en font leur capitale, avant de conqu\u00e9rir une grande partie d\u2019Al-Andalus. Batailles embl\u00e9matiques, identit\u00e9 composite, place des femmes, asc\u00e9tisme religieux \u2026 L\u2019histoire des Almoravides est \u00e0 retrouver ce dimanche dans Afrique, m\u00e9moires d\u2019un continent.                    \n                                            \n                                                                Avec la participation de Elemine Ould Mohamed Baba, historien et g\u00e9ographe mauritanien sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9 dans l'histoire du sud-ouest saharien et de la p\u00e9riode m\u00e9di\u00e9vale. Pour aller plus loin Au XI\u1d49 si\u00e8cle, le monde musulman conna\u00eet de profondes divisions politiques et religieuses. L\u2019affaiblissement du califat de Bagdad favorise l\u2019apparition de pouvoirs r\u00e9gionaux et de nouvelles dynasties. Progressivement islamis\u00e9es, les tribus berb\u00e8res Sanhaja deviennent le c\u0153ur du mouvement almoravide, un mouvement port\u00e9 par le pr\u00e9dicateur Abdellah Ibn Yassine associant rigueur religieuse, asc\u00e9tisme et puissance militaire. La construction et l\u2019expansion d\u2019un empire Progressivement les Almoravides construisent un vaste empire reliant le Sahara, le Maghreb et l\u2019Andalousie. Ils fondent Marrakech au XI\u1d49 si\u00e8cle, ville qui deviendra rapidement un important centre politique, religieux et commercial, avec ses mosqu\u00e9es et ses \u00e9coles coraniques. Les Almoravides d\u00e9veloppent \u00e9galement les \u00e9changes transsahariens, notamment gr\u00e2ce au commerce de l\u2019or. Ils frappent leur propre monnaie, dont le dinar almoravide alors r\u00e9put\u00e9 pour sa qualit\u00e9 et sa valeur. Leur expansion les conduit vers le sud, notamment dans la r\u00e9gion du Ghana, mais les sources historiques y sont beaucoup plus rares. Au nord, ils interviennent en Andalousie \u00e0 la demande de princes musulmans menac\u00e9s par la Reconquista. En Mauritanie, pays de notre invit\u00e9 Elemine Ould Mohamed Baba, l\u2019h\u00e9ritage almoravide reste particuli\u00e8rement pr\u00e9sent dans la m\u00e9moire historique. Des villes anciennes comme Chinguetti, Ouadane ou Tichitt revendiquent notamment des liens avec l\u2019h\u00e9ritage andalou."
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