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                    "After lower house approval, the bill to grant tens of thousands of Sahrawis citizenship now goes to the Spanish Senate.Spanish lawmakers have backed legislation that would grant citizenship to tens of thousands of Western Saharans who were born when Spain ran the disputed territory now largely controlled by Morocco.Spain\u2019s lower house of Parliament on Thursday approved the legislation 168-31, with 145 abstentions.Recommended Stories list of 3 itemslist 1 of 3Thousands protest in Spain as Ceuta\u2019s migration crisis festers a month onlist 2 of 3Morocco\u2019s ruling allies turn on each other before election campaign beginslist 3 of 3Spain\u2019s spy agency warned of mass crossings into Ceuta before border crisisend of listThe bill still requires Senate approval before becoming law.The text grants Spanish nationality to Sahrawis born before September 29, 1977 and to their children through naturalisation, even if they never resided in Spain.Although the exact number of beneficiaries is unknown, Sahrawi groups estimate that between 70,000 and 120,000 people could benefit from the legislation, which supporters described as addressing a \u201chistorical injustice\u201d by colonial Spain in the Western Sahara.Tensions with MoroccoThe vote comes at a particularly sensitive time for Madrid\u2019s historically delicate relations with Rabat due to the migration crisis in Spain\u2019s north African territory of Ceuta, and the mass arrival of at least 70,000 migrants from Morocco in July.Spain\u2019s leftist government has avoided blaming Morocco \u2013 which does not recognise Spanish sovereignty over Ceuta and Spain\u2019s other North African territory of Melilla \u2013 but the right accuses Rabat of orchestrating the surge for political motives.Morocco claims sovereignty over Western Sahara and began asserting control over the territory after Spanish \u2060rule ended.The Algerian-backed Polisario Front independence movement seeks recognition \u2060of an independent state called the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.Many Sahrawis live in refugee camps in Tindouf in western Algeria, or elsewhere abroad, while others remain in Western Sahara.Against this backdrop, the initiative to grant Spanish nationality to Sahrawis has divided opinion in Morocco but not prompted condemnation from the government.Moroccan media quoted Ramadan Messaoud, a member of the Royal Advisory Council for Saharan Affairs, as saying in July that Rabat had \u201cno problem\u201d with Sahrawis obtaining Spanish citizenship. Others had done so \u201cover the past few years\u201d, noted Messaoud, who is also president of the Sahrawi Association for Human Rights.\u2018Restoring\u2019 identityWestern Sahara was a Spanish colony until 1975, when Spain relinquished its administration under agreements with Morocco and Mauritania.Spain\u2019s ruling Socialist Party and its junior left-wing partner Sumar, which filed the initiative, were among those who supported the bill, \u200cwhile the opposition conservative People\u2019s Party abstained and far-right Vox voted against it.\u201cWith the adoption of this legislation, we are restoring \u2013 and I emphasise, restoring \u2013 the Spanish national identity card to those Sahrawis who once held it and from whom this state took it away,\u201d said Tesh Sidi of the leftist Sumar coalition, the first woman of Sahrawi origin \u2060to serve in Spain\u2019s Parliament.The bill will now go to the Senate, where amendments are expected, before returning to the lower house for final approval."
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